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接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)簡稱接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變。根據填充介質，接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)可(ke)(ke)分為油變壓(ya)器(qi)和(he)(he)干變壓(ya)器(qi)。根據相數，接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)可(ke)(ke)分為三相接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)和(he)(he)單相接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)。接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)作用是為中性(xing)(xing)點不接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)的(de)系(xi)統提供(gong)人工中性(xing)(xing)點，采用消弧(hu)線圈(quan)和(he)(he)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)方式，減(jian)少配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)短路故障(zhang)時的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)小(xiao)，提高配電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統的(de)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)中的(de)(de)6kV、10kV、35kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網一(yi)般采用(yong)中性點(dian)不(bu)(bu)接(jie)(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)方式。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中的(de)(de)主變壓(ya)器低壓(ya)側通(tong)常是(shi)(shi)三角形連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，沒有可(ke)(ke)接(jie)(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)中性點(dian)。當中性點(dian)不(bu)(bu)接(jie)(jie)地(di)系統(tong)發生單(dan)(dan)相接(jie)(jie)地(di)故障時(shi)(shi)，線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)三角形仍然對稱，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)連(lian)續向用(yong)戶供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1~2小時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(小于10A)，不(bu)(bu)會引起(qi)間歇(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧，瞬時(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)地(di)故障可(ke)(ke)以(yi)自行(xing)消失(shi)但是(shi)(shi)，隨(sui)著(zhu)城市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)擴大(da)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜接(jie)(jie)線的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加，系統(tong)對地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)急劇(ju)增(zeng)(zeng)加，單(dan)(dan)相接(jie)(jie)地(di)后(hou)通(tong)過故障點(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)(超過10A)。
電(dian)弧(hu)不(bu)易熄滅，容(rong)易引起(qi)鐵(tie)磁共振(zhen)過電(dian)壓和間隙性電(dian)弧(hu)接地過電(dian)壓，絕緣破損，線路跳閘，事故(gu)擴大
具體如(ru)下(xia):
單(dan)相(xiang)接(jie)地電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)間(jian)歇熄(xi)滅重(zhong)燃，會產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)接(jie)地過電(dian)(dian)壓，幅度(du)可達(da)4U(U為正常相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)壓峰值)或更(geng)高(gao)，持(chi)續時間(jian)長，會對電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備的(de)絕(jue)緣造(zao)(zao)成很大(da)危害，在絕(jue)緣薄弱環節造(zao)(zao)成破壞；造(zao)(zao)成重(zhong)大(da)損失(shi)。
連續電弧(hu)導致(zhi)空(kong)氣離解，破壞周圍空(kong)氣絕緣，易發生(sheng)相(xiang)間短路。
產生鐵磁諧(xie)振過(guo)電(dian)壓，電(dian)壓互感器容易(yi)燒壞(huai)，避(bi)雷(lei)器損壞(huai)，避(bi)雷(lei)器爆(bao)炸(zha)。這些后果將嚴重威脅電(dian)網(wang)設備的絕緣和安全運行。
為(wei)了減少單(dan)相接地(di)(di)故障(zhang)時的對地(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)容器電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，需(xu)(xu)要在變壓器的中(zhong)性點安(an)裝(zhuang)消弧線圈(quan)等補償裝(zhuang)置，因此需(xu)(xu)要人立中(zhong)性點，以便在中(zhong)性點連接消弧線圈(quan)，減少接地(di)(di)短路斷(duan)路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，提高系統供電(dian)(dian)的可靠性。
國內外(wai)使用現狀是什么？
我(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)接地(di)(di)變壓(ya)(ya)器通(tong)常(chang)采(cai)用(yong)z型配線(或曲折型配線)，為了節約投(tou)資和(he)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站空間，通(tong)常(chang)在接地(di)(di)變壓(ya)(ya)器上增加第三繞組，代替使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)變壓(ya)(ya)器，為變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)設備供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。按(an)照國家《電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器》的(de)(de)(de)國家標(biao)準(zhun)，接地(di)(di)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)接地(di)(di)方式可以分為直接接地(di)(di)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器、電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)和(he)消弧線圈進(jin)行接地(di)(di)。我(wo)國尚未直接使(shi)用(yong)，但(dan)已有電(dian)(dian)(dian)力研究部門開始(shi)對此進(jin)行探討(tao)。國外接地(di)(di)變壓(ya)(ya)器通(tong)常(chang)采(cai)用(yong)z型連接，用(yong)于10kV不接地(di)(di)系統，構成(cheng)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)接地(di)(di)保(bao)護，系統發生(sheng)接地(di)(di)故障時，接地(di)(di)變壓(ya)(ya)器對正、負電(dian)(dian)(dian)流具有高(gao)阻(zu)抗(kang)性，對零(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流具有低(di)阻(zu)抗(kang)性，接地(di)(di)保(bao)護可靠。
三(san)相(xiang)接地變壓器(qi)
三相(xiang)接(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器等(deng)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器采用z型(xing)(xing)接(jie)線(xian)(或曲折型(xing)(xing)接(jie)線(xian))，與普通(tong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同之處在于(yu)，每相(xiang)線(xian)圈分為兩組，分別繞在該相(xiang)磁柱上，連接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點是零(ling)序磁通(tong)可以(yi)沿(yan)磁柱流(liu)通(tong)，而(er)普通(tong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)序磁通(tong)可以(yi)沿(yan)漏(lou)磁磁路流(liu)通(tong)，因此z型(xing)(xing)接(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)序阻抗(kang)較小(xiao)(約10Ω)，而(er)普通(tong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器則較大(da)。根據規定(ding)，使用普通(tong)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器帶消弧線(xian)圈時，其容量不(bu)得超過變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器容量的(de)(de)(de)(de)20%。z型(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器具(ju)有90%~100%容量的(de)(de)(de)(de)消弧線(xian)圈，接(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)化除(chu)了(le)消弧線(xian)圈外(wai)，還具(ju)有二次負(fu)荷，可以(yi)代(dai)替車站變(bian)(bian)化，節約投資費(fei)用。
單相接(jie)地變(bian)壓器(qi)
單相接(jie)地變(bian)壓器單相接(jie)地變(bian)壓器主要用于(yu)具(ju)有中性點的發電(dian)機和(he)Satons變(bian)壓器的中性點接(jie)地電(dian)阻柜(ju)，以降低(di)電(dian)阻柜(ju)的成本(ben)和(he)體積。
浙(zhe)權(quan)（上海）電器設備(bei)制造(zao)有(you)限公(gong)司是(shi)一家集生(sheng)(sheng)產、研發(fa)、銷(xiao)售(shou)為一體的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)性(xing)企(qi)業(ye)，本公(gong)司專(zhuan)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產變(bian)壓器、穩(wen)壓器、調壓器及(ji)低壓電器配套產品，始終“堅(jian)持企(qi)業(ye)創新，追求技術(shu)(shu)進(jin)(jin)步”是(shi)發(fa)展的(de)(de)一貫宗旨，公(gong)司擁有(you)雄(xiong)厚的(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)開發(fa)力量、優質的(de)(de)工(gong)藝檢(jian)測儀器和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產設備(bei)，積極引進(jin)(jin)國外的(de)(de)先進(jin)(jin)技術(shu)(shu)，不斷對產品加以改進(jin)(jin)和(he)完善，多年的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)化管(guan)理，已成(cheng)功(gong)構建了多層(ceng)次的(de)(de)營銷(xiao)網絡。
